The Greeting of JUMU'AH MUBARAK
All Praise is for ALLAH, The LORD of The Worlds
1. JUMU'AH, in The Blessed Quran
(a). ALLAH, The Exalted Has Named Quran Chapter 62 al-Jumu`ah, Friday, The Day of Congregation
(b). ALLAH'S Command: CONGREGATIONAL Prayer
"O you who believe! when the call is made for (the Congregational) Prayer on Friday then hasten to extol the name of Allah and leave off all business. That is best for you if you only knew." [62:9 - Amatul Rahman Omar]
2. Friday The Day of "EID"
The Prophet (pbuh) has said:
[1]. It was narrated that Ibn 'Abbas said:
"The Messenger of Allah () said: 'This day is an 'Eid (festival) which Allah has ordained for the Muslims. Whoever comes to Friday (prayer), let him take a bath and if he has perfume then let him put some on. And upon you (I urge to use) is the tooth stick."
[Sunan Ibn Majah, Vol. 1, Book 5, Hadith 1098, Book 5, Hadith 1152]
[2]. It was narrated from An-Nu'man bin Bashir that:
"The Messenger of Allah () used to recite on the two 'Eids and on Friday: "GLorify the Name of Your Lord, the Most High" and "Has there come to you the narration of The Overwhelming?" Sometimes the two ('Eid and Jumu'ah) occurred on the same day, and he would recite them (these two Surahs). (Sahih)
[Sunan an-Nasa'i 1568; Book 19, Hadith 13; English Translation, Vol. 2, Book 19, Hadith 1569]
[3]. Narrated 'Ammar bin Abi 'Ammar:
"Ibn Abbas recited: This day, I have perfected your religion for you, completed My favor upon you, and have chosen for you Islam as your religion (5:3). And a Jew was with him who said: 'If this Ayah was revealed to us then we would have taken that day as a day of celebration.' So Ibn 'Abbas said: 'Indeed it was revealed on two 'Eids: On Friday, and on the Day of 'Arafah"
[Jami` at-Tirmidhi, Vol. 1, Book 44, Hadith 3044, Book 47, Hadith 3318]
[4]. It was narrated that An-Nu'man bin Bashir said:
"The Messenger of Allah () used to recite: 'Glorify the Name of your Lord, the Most High' and "Has there come to you the narration of The Overwhelming?', on Friday and on 'Eid, and when Friday and 'Eid converged, he would recite them both." (Sahih)
[Sunan an-Nasa'i 1590, Book 19, Hadith 35, Vol. 2, Book 19, Hadith 1591]
3. EXCELLENCE of Friday
[1]. It was narrated that Abu Lubabah bin 'Abdul-Mundhir said:
"The Prophet () said: 'Friday is the chief of days, the greatest day before Allah. It is greater before Allah then the Day of Adha and the Day of Fitr. It has five characteristics: On it Allah created Adam; on it Allah sent down Adam to this earth; on it there is a time during which a person does not ask Allah for anything but He will give it to him, so long as he does not ask for anything that is forbidden; on it the Hour will begin. There is no angel who is close to Allah, no heaven, no earth, no wind, no mountain, and no sea that does not fear Friday." [Sunan Ibn Majah, Vol. 1, Book 5, Hadith 1084; Arabic Reference: Book 5, Hadith 1137]
[2]. It was narrated that Abu Hurairah said:
"I went out to At-Tur and met Ka'b. He and I spent a day together, when I narrated things to him from the Messenger of Allah () and he narrated things to me from the Tawrah. I said to him: The Messenger of Allah () said: The best day on which the sun rises is Friday. On this day, Adam was created, on this day he was sent down, on it repentance was accepted, on this day he died, and on this day the Hour will begin. There is no living creature on Earth that does not listen out from Friday morning until the sun rises, fearing the onset of the Hour, except the son of Adam. On (Friday) there is an hour in which, if a believer prays and asks Allah (SWT) for something, He will give it to him. Ka'b said: Is than one day in every year? I said: No, it is every Friday.' Then Ka'b read in the Tawrah and said: The Messenger of Allah () spoke the truth; it is every Friday."
[Sunan an-Nasa'i, Vol. 2, Book 14, Hadith 1431; Arabic Reference: Book 14, Hadith 1441]
[3]. It was narrated from Abu Dharr that the Prophet () said:
"Whoever takes a bath on a Friday and does it well, and purifies himself and does it well, and puts on his best clothes, and puts on whatever Allah decrees for him of the perfume of his family, then comes to the mosque and does not engage in idle talk or separate (pushing between) two people; he will be forgiven for (his sins) between that day and the previous Friday." [Sunan Ibn Majah, Vol. 1, Book 5, Hadith 1097, Arabic Reference: Book 5, Hadith 1151]
4. ETIQUETTES of Friday
The Prophet (pbuh) has said:
[1]. [Sunan Abudawud, Book #3, Hadith #1051] "Narrated Abdullah ibn Amr: The Prophet (peace_be_upon_him) said: The Friday prayer is obligatory on him who hears the call."
[2]. [Sunan Abudawud, Book#3, Hadith #1062] Narrated Tariq ibn Shihab: The Prophet (peace_be_upon_him) said: The Friday prayer in congregation is a necessary duty for every Muslim, with four exceptions; a slave, a woman, a boy, and a sick person.
[3]. [Sunan Abudawud, Book #1, Hadith #0342] "Narrated Hafsah, Ummul Mu'minin: The Prophet (peace_be_upon_him) said: It is necessary for every adult (person) to go for (saying) Friday (prayer), and for everyone who goes for Friday (prayer) washing is necessary."
[4]. [Bukhari, Book #13, Hadith #6] "Narrated Abu Huraira: Allah's Apostle (p.b.u.h) said, "Any person who takes a bath on Friday like the bath of Janaba and then goes for the prayer (in the first hour i.e. early), it is as if he had sacrificed a camel (in Allah's cause); and whoever goes in the second hour it is as if he had sacrificed a cow; and whoever goes in the third hour, then it is as if he had sacrificed a horned ram; and if one goes in the fourth hour, then it is as if he had sacrificed a hen; and whoever goes in the fifth hour then it is as if he had offered an egg. When the Imam comes out (i.e. starts delivering the Khutba), the angels present themselves to listen to the Khutba."
[5]. [Bukhari, Book #13, Hadith #51] "Narrated Abu Huraira: The Prophet said, "When it is a Friday, the angels stand at the gate of the mosque and keep on writing the names of the persons coming to the mosque in succession according to their arrivals. The example of the one who enters the mosque in the earliest hour is that of one offering a camel (in sacrifice). The one coming next is like one offering a cow and then a ram and then a chicken and then an egg respectively. When the Imam comes out (for Jumua prayer) they (i.e. angels) fold their papers and listen to the Khutba."
[6]. [Bukhari, Book #13, Hadith #7] "Narrated Abu Huraira: While 'Umar (bin Al-Khattab) was delivering the Khutba on a Friday, a man entered (the mosque). 'Umar asked him, "What has detained you from the prayer?" The man said, "It was only that when I heard the Adhan I performed ablution (for the prayer)." On that 'Umar said, "Did you not hear the Prophet saying: 'Anyone of you going out for the Jumua prayer should take a bath'?"
[7]. [Muslim, Book #004, Hadith #1837] "Abu Huraira reported: Umar b. Khattab was delivering a sermon to the people on Friday when 'Uthman b. 'Affan came there. 'Umar hinting to him said: What would become of those persons who come after the call toprayer? Upon this 'Uthman said: Commander of the faithful, I did no more than this that after listening to the call, I performed ablution and came (to the mosque). 'Umar said: Just ablution! Did you not bear the Messenger of Allah (my peace be upon him) say this: When any one of you comes for Jumu'a, he should take a bath."
[8]. [Muslim, Book #004, Hadith #1862] "It is narrated by Abu Huraira and Huraira that the Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him) said: It was Friday from which Allah diverted those who were before us. For the Jews (the day set aside for prayer) was Sabt (Saturday), and for the Christians it was Sunday. And Allah turned towards us and guided us toFriday (as the day of prayer) for us. In fact, He (Allah) made Friday, Saturday and Sunday (as days ofprayer). In this order would they (Jews and Christians) come after us on the Day of Resurrection. We are the last of (the Ummahs) among the people in this world and the first among the created to be judged on the Day of Resurrection. In one narration it is: ', to be judged among them".
[9]. [Muslim, Book #004, Hadith #1882] "Abdullah b. Umar and Abu Huraira said that they heard Allah's Messenger (way peace be upon him) say on the planks of his pulpit: People must cease to neglect the Friday prayer or Allah will seal their hearts and then they will be among the negligent."
5. ALLAH'S Command - EXCEL in Greetings
[ALLAH'S Quran 4:86 – Al-Muntakhab] "When you are greeted with words or gestures, acknowledge the greeting with a more courteous recognition or at least return the same formula; it is an obligation. Allah has always taken account of all things and all actions."
[Hadith - Al-Muwatta, Volume 47, Hadith 16] "The Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) said: "Shake hands and rancour will disappear. Give presents to each other and love each other, and enmity will disappear."
ALLAH'S Command Makes Exchange of Greetings, Compulsory and ALLAH, The Exalted Has Imposed no Prohibitions and or Limitations in the Obligations of Greetings.
6. JUMU'A MUBARAK - Scholars' Comments [1], [2]
The majority of jurists permit giving congratulations on Eid.
[Mawsu'a Fiqhiyya Kuwaitiyya]
Ibn Amir al-Hajj, the 9th-century (Hijri) Hanafi scholar of Egypt, deemed it recommended due to the numerous sound narrations related of the Companions doing so with phrases like, "May Allah accept from us and you."
[Taqabbal Allahu minna wa minkum]
He then notes that, in his time, "What is common practice in Syria and Egypt is for people to say Eid Mubarak alayka (Blessed Eid to you), and the like. This [and similar phrases] could be conjoined to that [phrase that is narrated from the Companions] in both being legislated as well as being recommended, as each entails the other. This is because if one's works are accepted from him in a certain time, then that time is surely a blessed time for him. Not to mention, prayer for blessings (baraka) has been narrated [in the Qur'an and Sunna] with respect to many occasions, and so from that [precedent] can be derived [the legislation/recommendation of] praying for it here [on Eid] as well." [Ibn Abidin, Radd al-Muhtar]
And based on the reasoning by Ibn Amir al-Hajj cited above, we know that like Eid, Friday is a day of much blessing—a day in which one's works are accepted, one's sins are forgiven, and one's prayers are answered.
Furthermore, in his work al-Maqasid al-Hasana, Imam Sakhawi discusses the following phrase that people would often quote as a hadith, "Congratulating in [certain] months and Eids is from what people take on as custom." He states that the basic "meaning" is certainly narrated from the Companions with respect to Eid specifically, and that there is even a narration [albeit very weak] of doing so on Friday, as well as one [again albeit very weak] of in general congratulating one's neighbour for any good occasion. Stronger than all of this, however, is what is narrated in Bukhari and Muslim that Talha stood up and congratulated Ka'b on the day Allah forgave the latter. [al-Maqasid al-Hasana]
One can appreciate, then, that Imam Sakhawi—himself a great hadith master, as well as main student of the eminent hadith master Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani—considered the general example of the Companions congratulating each other on blessed occasions as sufficient precedent for the Muslims to do so on special months and "Eids," which we have shown above to include Friday, as established by sound prophetic reports.
In light of the above, there would be nothing wrong for a person to congratulate his fellow Muslim on Friday with a phrase such as Jumu'a Mubarak. As a "phrase" it is newly invented, yet as a "meaning" it coincides perfectly with the Islamic viewpoint of Friday and its merits.
7. OUR humble PRAYER
Our LORD Most Gracious!
Grant us Refuge Against those who:
"regard this Qur'an as something [that ought to be] discarded!"
[25:30 - Asad]
May ALLAH, AL-HADI, The Supreme Guide, Guide us all onto The Righteous Path, for Always.
References:
[1]. Excerpted and Edited from:
http://seekersguidance.org/ans-blog/2011/03/31/is-it-a-bida-reprehensible-innovation-to-say-jumua-mubarak-blessed-friday-to-other-muslims/
[2]. https://www.facebook.com/notes/habiba-kavalec/is-it-bidah-or-innovation-to-say-jumuah-mubarak/339005576143411
http://al-tanzil.com/Jumu_ah_Mubarak.html
Allah Hafiz.
Allah Hafiz.
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